GD- Discussion / Indl Lecture topic UN Security Council- And India's Stand

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ssb coaching

India’s quest for  Permanent seat at  UN Security Council

India has been seeking a permanent seat on the UN Security Council as a member of the G4, an organisation composed of Brazil, Germany, Japan, and India, all seeking permanent representation. According to their proposal, the UN Security Council should be expanded beyond the current 15 members to include 25 members. This issue arouses considerable interest despite wide acceptance of the fact nothing is likely to change in the near future. This blog  analyzes the subject.

Relevance of UN Security Council

  • The UN Security Council has primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security. It has failed to do so.
  • The idea of the UN being able to maintain peace and security was based on an assumption that ‘international relations would be conducted in the spirit of fairness and morality’. This assumption was wrong. ‘International relations in reality are conducted in the spirit of pursuance of perceived narrow national interests’.
  • For most of the history of the UN, the Security Council was paralysed by the Cold War. Thus UN Security Council remained largely irrelevant till 1991.
  • Only twice in the history of the United Nations has the Security Council acted against an aggressor to restore peace. The occasions were Korea in 1950 and Kuwait in 1990-1991. Each time the UN Security Council acted not under the provisions of the UN Charter for enforcing peace but under Article 51, the provision of the Charter designed for cases in which the council is unable to act or fails to do so and which reserves to the members the right of self-defence. These were cases of UN endorsement of desires of US.
  • In the case of Serbian attack on Bosnia in 1992 the UN failed by slapping an arms embargo on both sides resulting in the well armed Serbia killing a quarter million in Bosnia.
  • Use of the veto power by one or more of the permanent members has had a crippling effect on actions by the UN. Examples:
    • Since 1982 US has vetoed 32 Security Council resolutions critical of Israel.
    • Russia had vetoed condemnation of own annexation of Crimea in 2014.
    • Attempts to impose sanctions on Syria during the ongoing civil war have been vetoed by Russia.
  • The recent air strikes on Syria and Iraq have not been endorsed by the UN Security Council.
  • China has completely rejected international arbitration on territorial disputes with her maritime neighbours.
  • The above points clearly show that the UN Security Council has been of little relevance in the world affairs.

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